After this coup, Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon was sworn in to power. The Nigerian Air Force was formally established in January 1964, with technical assistance from West Germany. [33][34][35] This doctrine of African military intervention by Nigeria is sometimes called Pax Nigeriana.[36]. It is the law making body of the state and acts as check on the executive arm of the state. [12][13] Compounding this state of affairs is the role corruption plays in the ongoing attempts to strengthen the armed forces. )imports: 0 kWh (2019 est. This led to June 12 elections in 1993 but the result of this election was cancelled. The Supreme Court is presided over by the Chief Justice of Nigeria and 13 associate justices. The Nigerian Navy command structure today, consists of the Naval Headquarters in Abuja as well as three other operational commands with headquarters in Lagos, Calabar and Bayelsa. Nigeria is divided into 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where the country's capital, Abuja, is located; the constitution also includes a provision that more states can be created as needed. )beer: 0.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Generation of revenues for the country and its states. Military intervention could be prevented with the eradication or reduction in the level of corruption in Nigeria by politicians. From 1966 to 1999, Nigeria experienced a series of military coups, excluding the short-lived second republic between 1979 and 1983. These federal ministries are civil service departments responsible for carrying out different types of government services. note: data are in current year dollars, India 16%, Spain 10%, United States 7%, France 7%, Netherlands 6% (2019), crude petroleum, natural gas, scrap vessels, flexible metal tubing, cocoa beans (2019), $66.107 billion (2021 est.) ), degree of risk: very high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and yellow feverwater contact diseases: leptospirosis and schistosomiasisanimal contact diseases: rabiesrespiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitisaerosolized dust or soil contact diseases: Lassa fevernote 1: on 4 May 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a Travel Health Notice for a Yellow Fever outbreak in Nigeria; a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in Nigeria began in September 2017; the outbreak is now spread throughout the country with the Nigerian Ministry of Health reporting cases of the disease in multiple states (Bauchi, Benue, Delta, Ebonyi, and Enugu); the CDC recommends travelers going to Nigeria should receive vaccination against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel and should take steps to prevent mosquito bites while there; those never vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid travel to Nigeria during the outbreaknote 2: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Nigeria; as of 9 December 2022, Nigeria has reported a total of 266,283 cases of COVID-19 or 129.17 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with a total of 3,155 cumulative deaths or a rate of 1.53 cumulative death per 100,000 population; as of 13 November 2022, 29.28% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine note 3: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Nigeria is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an infected person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, the CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine, total: 4.49 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Particularly, due to the fact that many of the leaders and military officers murdered during that coup were northerners. The training command headquarters are located in Lagos, the commercial capital of Nigeria, but with training facilities spread all over Nigeria. 2 (1970): 227251. Guest post The upper chamber, which is known as the Senate, consists of 109 members who are called senators. Nigeria needs to harness the potential of its burgeoning youth population in order to boost economic development, reduce widespread poverty, and channel large numbers of unemployed youth into productive activities and away from ongoing religious and ethnic violence. The NCNC, now headed by Azikiwe (who had taken control after Macaulay's death in 1946), formed a coalition with Balewa's NPC after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. by . ), total: 3.7% (2020 est. )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Nigeria operates a bicameral legislature at the federal level, and a unicameral legislature at the state level. The Chief Justice is appointed by the president, and cannot be removed from office except by death, retirement (at age 70), or by impeachment by the Senate. While most movement of Nigerians is internal, significant emigration regionally and to the West provides an outlet for Nigerians looking for economic opportunities, seeking asylum, and increasingly pursuing higher education. Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015); note - the president is both chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forceshead of government: President Maj. Gen. Section 217-220 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria thus addresses the Nigerian Armed Forces: The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces and the largest among the armed forces. It includes bodies such as: The Federal Capital Territory is administered only by the federal government. )$4,900 (2020 est. The structure of government under Gowon was basically unitarian. Lack of respect for the rule of law; the military does not respect the rule of law because the military rule is conducted without a constitution. It is ranked last in the world on the UN Development Programme's Human Development Index. Each local government area is governed by a local government council. ), total: 18.6 yearsmale: 18.4 yearsfemale: 18.9 years (2020 est. This coup was led by Major General Gideon Orkah but it failed again. They have the following duties to perform: Now, lets talk about the arms of government in Nigeria. A necessary atmosphere should be created for the conduct of free and fair elections. Each state has its local government areas into which it is divided into. The judiciary branch comprises of the Supreme Court of Nigeria which presides over the Federal Courts (the court of appeal, the sharia court of appeal of FCT, the federal high court, the customary court of appeal and the high court of the FCT), State Courts (the high court, the sharia court of appeal, and the customary court of appeal), and Election Tribunals. Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015)cabinet: Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 stateselections/appointments: president directly elected by qualified majority popular vote and at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)election results: Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8% (2019), description: bicameral National Assembly consists of:Senate (109 seats - 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)House of Representatives (360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)elections: Senate - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)House of Representatives - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 65, PDP 39, YPP 1, TBD 3; composition - men 101, women 8, percent of women 7.3%House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 217, PDP 115, other 20, TBD 8; composition - men 347, women 13, percent of women 3.6%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 4.5%, highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices)judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 70subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system, Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO]Africa Democratic Congress or ADC [Ralph Okey NWOSU]All Progressives Congress or APC [Abdullahi ADAMU]All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor Ike OYE]Labor Party or LP [Julius ABURE]Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Iyourchia AYU]Young Progressive Party or YPP [Bishop AMAKIRI], ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Uzoma Elizabeth EMENIKE (since 7 July 2021)chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 800-7201 (ext. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. It starts with the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? The NDC is chaired by the president, and its members include the Vice President of Nigeria, the Minister of Defence, the Chief of Defence Staff, the Chief of Army Staff, the Chief of Naval Staff and the Chief of Air Staff, as well as others the president is empowered to appoint. The legislature branch of the Nigerian government structure is the law making body of the country. The executive arm, also known as the cabinet, is divided into over 15 federal ministries. )253.492 (2016 est. The federal executive arm, legislative arm and also the judiciary are the components in the Nigerian government structure that collectively work together to help achieve a flawless federal system. ), 20.4 years (2018 est. Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon, total: 923,768 sq kmland: 910,768 sq kmwater: 13,000 sq km, about six times the size of Georgia; slightly more than twice the size of California, total: 4,477 kmborder countries (4): Benin 809 km; Cameroon 1,975 km; Chad 85 km; Niger 1,608 km, territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation, varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north, southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north, highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 mlowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 380 m, natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land, agricultural land: 78% (2018 est. The structure of Nigerian government come in a planned system; the 3 tiers of government (also known as levels of government), and the arms of government (also known as branches of government), Also Read: The relationship between the three tiers of government in Nigeria. )exports: 27,509,177,000 cubic meters (2019 est. )female: 0.5% (2020 est. Although both the 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were marred by significant irregularities and violence, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. It is divided into: Arms of Government In Nigeria and Their Functions. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). This is an inter-service Operational Team, comprising members of the army, navy, and air force to combat terrorism in the Niger Delta. Some of these threats include the ongoing conflict against the jihadist rebel group, Boko Haram in northeastern Nigeria, which has been in effect since July 2009. You may want to know about best law firms for legal services. Subsequently, 69 soldiers of different ranks were accused of treason and were subsequently executed by firing squad. ), 15.946 million Lagos, 4.348 million Kano, 3.875 million Ibadan, 3.840 million ABUJA (capital), 3.480 million Port Harcourt, 1.905 million Benin City (2023), at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/femaletotal population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2023 est. National Defence Council; 3. The coup plotters went on to elect Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon as the new head of State. Apart from this, the structure of the civil service remains the same as that of the civilian regime. Top Degrees Local government must have specific powers to perform a range of functions assigned it by law. I think you should know that according to Wikipedia, the major cause of federalism in Nigeria is the demand for the creation of newer states in Nigeria. The Army has demonstrated its capability to mobilize, deploy, and sustain brigade-sized forces in support of peacekeeping operations in Liberia. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 1,889,100 bbl/day (2018 est. Learn more about the creation of the 36 state and capital in Nigeria. Government West-African Constitutional Development Nigerian Military Rule. )investment in inventories: 0.7% (2017 est. [37] Charles Taylor was subsequently eased out of power and exiled to Nigeria. The House of Representative is made of 360 members who are elected in single member constituencies. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1 st October 1966. )$5,100 (2019 est. [21], The great expansion of the military during the civil war further entrenched the existing military hold on Nigerian society, carried over from the first military regime. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Supreme military council was created by Muhammed Buhari while Muritala Muhammed. )agricultural: 5.51 billion cubic meters (2017 est. The unicameral legislature is peculiar to each of the 36 states in Nigeria. Idang, Gordon J. Quick Interesting Post: The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria. note: data are in current year dollars, China 30%, Netherlands 11%, United States 6%, Belgium 5% (2019), refined petroleum, cars, wheat, laboratory glassware, packaged medicines (2019), $36.73 billion (31 December 2020 est. Nigeria, my country, blessed with the best brains and rains to grow our grains, operating a democratic system that guarantees political freedom, equality of citizenship, and more.. Nigeria also has pursued a policy of developing domestic training and military production capabilities. Nigeria is a Rentier state. The Constitution is suspended and the regional government and electd assemblies are hereby dissolved. The future of Nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. It operates as a federal republic, with governmental powers divided between executive, legislative, and judicial branches. In 1990, another coup was staged to unseat the Military Head. The Nigerian Armed Forces (NAF) are the combined military forces of Nigeria. ), 104.494 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. )hydroelectricity: 21.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Nigeria's default on the issues of democracy and/or good governance and human rights, strained, without a shadow of a doubt, the relationship between the country's civil society, the international community and the Nigerian state under General Sani Abacha. The Air Force started as a transport unit, with the aircrew being trained in Canada, Ethiopia and Pakistan. It was adopted in its original form May 29 1999 in Abuja at the dawn of the Nigerian fourth republic. One of the survivors of the coup, Olusegun Obasanjo, succeeded Muritala Mohammed and he promptly set up civilian government and the state of affairs was maintained until 1983. [25] The Nigerian Army has been playing a major role in defence of Nigerian Democracy since the first republic till date. [7], The Nigerian Armed Forces were established in 1960 as the successor to the combat units of the Royal West African Frontier Force stationed in the country, which had previously served as the British Empire's multi-battalion field force, during Nigeria's protectorate period. Nigeria held a successful democratic election in 1999 which led to the election of Olusegun Obasanjo as the President on the 29thof May 1999. ), total petroleum production: 1,646,900 bbl/day (2021 est. Unlike the Senate, the seats at the House of Representatives are not equally shared between the states. ), improved: urban: 95.3% of populationrural: 68.8% of populationtotal: 82.6% of populationunimproved: urban: 4.7% of populationrural: 31.2% of populationtotal: 17.4% of population (2020 est. ), fossil fuels: 78.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. [14][15], In spite of these challenges to its operational readiness, the Nigerian Armed Forces have committed to a number of wide-ranging modernization programs to bolster the discipline and firepower of its troops. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 62%male: 71.3%female: 52.7% (2018), total: 19.6%male: 19.8% NAfemale: 19.4% (2021 est.) There are roadblocks to a strong democracy in Nigeria at all levels of government. The House of Assembly of each state consists of 3 x the total number of seats that state has in the House of Representatives. [29], The Air Force sponsors the Air Force Military School, Jos, Nigeria and the Air Force Institute of Technology. There are 774 local government areas in the Nigerian government structure, with Kano having the largest number of 44 and the smallest number of 9 belonging to Bayelsa state. ), 9.79% (2021 est. Many government institutions do not adequately engage with citizens or the private sector and lack the capacity to . The country was at its infantile stage and was still trying to adapt to its new state of independence. This led to the counter coup led by Muritala Muhammad. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1stOctober 1966. However, the coup led to greater problems for the country. 1922 - Part of . )male: 6.9% (2020 est. )transmission/distribution losses: 4.713 billion kWh (2019 est. There were several failed coups. ), cassava, yams, maize, oil palm fruit, rice, vegetables, sorghum, groundnuts, fruit, sweet potatoes, crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel, agriculture: 70%industry: 10%services: 20% (1999 est.